2019年全國政府工作報告全文雙語（下載）

各位代表：現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

FellowDeputies,OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Iwillnowreporttoyouontheworkofthegovernmentforyourdeliberationandapproval,andIinvitecommentsonmyreportfromthemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC).

一、工作回顧

過去一年，我國發展面臨的國際國內環境復雜嚴峻。全球經濟復蘇艱難曲折，主要經濟體走勢分化。國內經濟下行壓力持續加大，多重困難和挑戰相互交織。

Overthepastyear,theinternationalanddomesticenvironmentsfacedbyChinainitsdevelopmenthavebeencomplicatedandchallenging.Theroadtoglobaleconomicrecoveryhasbeenrough,withmanyupsanddowns,andtheperformanceofthemajoreconomieshasbeenpergent.DownwardPssureonChina'seconomyhascontinuedtomount,andwehavefacedanarrayofinterwovendifficultiesandchallenges.

在為黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民萬眾一心，克難攻堅，完成了全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務，全面深化改革實現良好開局，全面推進依法治國開啟新征程，全面建成小康社會又邁出堅實步伐。

However,underthefirmleadershipoftheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)headedbyGeneralSecretaryXiJinping,allourpeoplehaveworkedtogetherasone,surmounteddifficulties,andaccomplishedtheyear'smaintargetsforeconomicandsocialdevelopment,therebyensuringthatwegotofftoagoodstartincomPhensivelydeepeningreform,embarkedonanewjourneytofullyadvancethelaw-basedgovernanceofChina,andagainmadesolidprogressinourendeavortofinishbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects.

一年來，我國經濟社會發展總體平穩，穩中有進�！胺�”的主要標志是，經濟運行處于合理區間。

Duringthepastyear,Chinahas,overall,achievedastableperformancewhileatthesametimesecuringprogressinitseconomicandsocialdevelopment.Themainindicationofthisstableperformanceisthattheeconomyoperatedwithinanappropriaterange.

增速穩，國內生產總值達到63.6萬億元，比上年增長7.4%，在世界主要經濟體中名列前茅。

--Thegrowthratewassteady.China'sGDPreached63.6trillionyuan,anincreaseof7.4%overthePviousyear,makingChinaoneofthefastest-growingmajoreconomiesintheworld.

就業穩，城鎮新增就業1322萬人，高于上年。

--Employmentremainedrobust,with13.22millionnewurbanjobscreated,whichishigherthanthefigureforthePviousyear.

價格穩，居民消費價格上漲2%�！斑M”的總體特征是，發展的協調性和可持續性增強。

--Priceswerestable,withtheCPIrisingby2%.Theunderlyingfeaturedemonstratingprogressisthatourdevelopmentisbecomingbettercoordinatedandmoresustainable.

經濟結構有新的優化，糧食產量達到1.21萬億斤，消費對經濟增長的貢獻率上升3個百分點，達到51.2%，服務業增加值比重由46.9%提高到48.2%，新產業、新業態、新商業模式不斷涌現。

--Theeconomicstructurewasupgraded.Grainoutputreached605millionmetrictons;thecontributionofconsumptiontowardeconomicgrowthrosebythreepercentagepointsto51.2%;thevalueaddedoftheservicesectorincreasedfrom46.9%to48.2%oftheGDP;andtherewasaconstantstreamofnewindustries,newtypesofbusiness,andnewbusinessmodels.Thecentralandwesternregionsgrewfasterineconomictermsthantheeasternregion.

中西部地區經濟增速快于東部地區。發展質量有新的提升，一般公共預算收入增長8.6%，研究與試驗發展經費支出與國內生產總值之比超過2%，能耗強度下降4.8%，是近年來最大降幅。

--Thequalityofdevelopmentwasraised.Revenueinthegeneralpublicbudgetsgrewby8.6%.Researchanddevelopmentspendingaccountedformorethan2%oftheGDP.Energyintensitywascutby4.8%,thebiggestreductionmadeinrecentyears.

人民生活有新的改善，全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長8%，快于經濟增長；農村居民人均可支配收入實際增長9.2%，快于城鎮居民收入增長；農村貧困人口減少1232萬人；6600多萬農村人口飲水安全問題得到解決；出境旅游超過1億人次。

--People'sliveswereimproved.Percapitadisposablepersonalincomeincreasedby8%inrealtermsnationwide,growingfasterthantheeconomy,andthepercapitadisposableincomeofruralresidentsgrewby9.2%,outpacingthatofthoselivinginurbanareas.Inruralareas,thenumberofpeoplelivinginpovertywasreducedby12.32million,andover66millionmorepeoplegainedaccesstosafedrinkingwater.ThenumberofoutboundtripsmadebyChinesetouristsexceeded100million.

改革開放有新的突破，全面深化改革系列重點任務啟動實施，本屆政府減少1/3行政審批事項的目標提前實現。

--Newbreakthroughsweremadeinreformandopeningup.AseriesofkeytasksforcomPhensivelydeepeningreformwerelaunched,andthegoalofthecurrentadministrationtocutthenumberofitemsthatrequiregovernmentreviewbyonethirdwasachievedaheadofschedule.

這份成績單的確來之不易，它凝聚著全國各族人民的心血和汗水，堅定了我們奮勇前行的決心和信心。

Theseachievementshavenotcomeeasily.Theyhavebeenmadepossiblebythepainstakingeffortsandhardworkofallourpeople,andtheyhavestrengthenedourresolveandconfidencetokeeppushingahead.

過去一年，困難和挑戰比預想的大。我們迎難而上，主要做了以下工作。

Overthepastyear,wehavefacedmoredifficultiesandchallengesthananticipated.Wehaverisentothechallengeandaccomplishedthefollowinginourwork.

一是在區間調控基礎上實施定向調控，保持經濟穩定增長。

First,onthebasisofrange-basedmacroregulation,weexercisedtargetedregulationtokeeptheeconomygrowingsteadily.

面對經濟下行壓力加大態勢，我們保持戰略定力，穩定宏觀經濟政策，沒有采取短期強刺激措施，而是繼續創新宏觀調控思路和方式，實行定向調控，激活力、補短板、強實體。把握經濟運行合理區間的上下限，抓住發展中的突出矛盾和結構性問題，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精準發力。向促改革要動力，向調結構要助力，向惠民生要潛力，既擴大市場需求，又增加有效供給，努力做到結構調優而不失速。

InthefaceofmountingdownwardeconomicPssure,wemaintainedstrategicfocusandkeptourmacroeconomicpolicyunchanged.Insteadofusingshort-termstimulusmeasures,wecontinuedtodevelopnewideasandmethodsformacroregulation.Weexercisedtargetedregulation,stimulatedmarketactivity,shoredupourweakspots,andboostedtherealeconomy.Withakeenunderstandingoftheappropriaterangewithinwhichtheeconomyneedstobeoperating,weadoptedtargetedstepstoaddresstheseriousissuesandstructuralproblemshinderingdevelopment.Wepromotedreformtogainimpetusfordevelopment,madestructuraladjustmentstoproducesupportfordevelopment,andimprovedlivingstandardstoincreasethepotentialfordevelopment.Webothexpandedmarketdemandandincreasedeffectivesupply,workingtoensurethatstructuraladjustmentsweremadewithoutcompromisingthegrowthrate.

有效實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策。實行定向減稅和普遍性降費，拓寬小微企業稅收優惠政策范圍，擴大“營改增”試點。加快財政支出進度，積極盤活存量資金。

Wehavebeeneffectivelyimplementingproactivefiscalpolicyandprudentmonetarypolicy.Weincreasedtargetedtaxreductions,reducedfeesacrosstheboard,extendedthecoverageoftaxreliefpoliciestobenefitmoresmallandmicrobusinesses,andexpandedthetrialstoreplacebusinesstaxwithVATtocovermoreindustries.

靈活運用貨幣政策工具，采取定向降準、定向再貸款、非對稱降息等措施，加大對經濟社會發展薄弱環節的支持力度，小微企業、“三農”貸款增速比各項貸款平均增速分別高4.2和0.7個百分點。同時，完善金融監管，堅決守住不發生區域性系統性風險的底線。

Wespeduptheprocessofmakingbudgetaryfundsavailableforfiscalexpendituresandputsurplusbudgetaryfundstogooduse.Byflexiblyutilizingmonetarypolicyinstruments,makingtargetedcutstorequiredreserveratios,carryingouttargetedre-lending,andmakingasymmetricinterestratecuts,westeppedupsupportforweakerareasineconomicandsocialdevelopment.Increasesinloansmadetosmallandmicrobusinesses,andloansforagriculture,ruralareas,andfarmers,outdidtheaverageincreaseinloansoverallby4.2and0.7percentagepointsrespectively.Atthesametime,regulationofthefinancialsectorwasimprovedandregionalandsystemicriskswereforestalled.

二是深化改革開放，激發經濟社會發展活力。

Second,wedeepenedreformandopeningupandinvigoratedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.

針對束縛發展的體制機制障礙，我們通過全面深化改革，以釋放市場活力對沖經濟下行壓力，啃了不少硬骨頭，經濟、政治、文化、社會、生態文明等體制改革全面推進。

Toaddressobstructionsholdingbackdevelopmentcausedbycertainsystemsandmechanisms,wecomPhensivelydeepenedreform,invigoratingthemarkettooffsetdownwardeconomicPssure.Wetackledmanytoughissuesandcarriedoutstructuralreformsintheeconomic,political,cultural,societal,andecologicalsectors.

扎實推動重點改革。制定并實施深化財稅體制改革總體方案，預算管理制度和稅制改革取得重要進展，專項轉移支付項目比上年減少1/3以上，一般性轉移支付比重增加，地方政府性債務管理得到加強。存款利率和匯率浮動區間擴大，民營銀行試點邁出新步伐，“滬港通”試點啟動，外匯儲備、保險資金運用范圍拓展。能源、交通、環保、通信等領域價格改革加快。啟動科技資金管理、考試招生、戶籍、機關事業單位養老保險制度等改革。

Wehavemadesolidprogressinkeyreforms.Weformulatedandimplementedacoordinatedplanfordeepeningthereformofthefiscalandtaxsystems.Importantprogresswasmadeinthereformofthebudgetarymanagementandtaxsystems.ThenumberofitemsreceivingspecialtransferpaymentswasoveronethirdlessthanthatofthePviousyear,andtheproportionoftransferpaymentsforgeneralpurposeswasincreased.Managementoflocalgovernmentdebtwasstrengthened.Thefloatingrangesofinterestratesondepositsandexchangerateswereexpanded.Newstepsweretakeninthetrialstoestablishprivatebanks.TheShanghai-HongKongStockConnectwaslaunchedonatrialbasis.Thescopeforusingforeignexchangereservesandinsurancefundswasbroadened.Pricereformsinenergy,transport,environmentalprotection,andcommunicationswereaccelerated.Welaunchedreformstothesystemformanagingresearchanddevelopmentfunding,theschoolexaminationandenrollmentsystems,thehouseholdregistrationsystem,andthepensionsystemforemployeesofPartyandgovernmentofficesandpublicinstitutions.

繼續把簡政放權、放管結合作為改革的重頭戲。國務院各部門全年取消和下放246項行政審批事項，取消評比達標表彰項目29項、職業資格許可和認定事項149項，再次修訂投資項目核準目錄，大幅縮減核準范圍。著力改革商事制度，新登記注冊市場主體達到1293萬戶，其中新登記注冊企業增長45.9%，形成新的創業熱潮。經濟增速放緩，新增就業不降反增，顯示了改革的巨大威力和市場的無限潛力。

Wehavecontinuedtogivethecentralstageinreformtostreamliningadministrationanddelegatingmorepowerstolower-levelgovernmentsandtosocietyingeneralwhileimprovingregulation.Overthecourseoftheyear,departmentsundertheStateCouncilcancelledtherequirementofordelegatedthepowerforreviewon246items.Wecancelled29performanceeva luations,inspectionsonthemeetingofstandards,andcommendations,and149verificationsandapprovalsofvocationalqualifications.Weagainrevisedandsignificantlyshortenedthelistofinvestmentprojectsrequiringgovernmentreview.Wechanneledgreateffortintothereformofthebusinesssystem.Thenumberofnewlyregisteredmarketentitiesreached12.93million,withthatofenterprisesincreasingby45.9%,creatingafreshsurgeofentrePneurialactivity.Whileeconomicgrowthsloweddown,morejobswerecreated,whichfullydemonstratesboththetremendouspowerofreformandtheendlesspotentialofthemarket.

以開放促改革促發展。擴展上海自由貿易試驗區范圍，新設廣東、天津、福建自由貿易試驗區。穩定出口，增加進口，出口占國際市場份額繼續提升。實際使用外商直接投資1196億美元，居世界首位。對外直接投資1029億美元，與利用外資并駕齊驅。中國與冰島、瑞士自貿區啟動實施，中韓、中澳自貿區完成實質性談判。鐵路、電力、油氣、通信等領域對外合作取得重要成果，中國裝備正大步走向世界。

Wedrewonfurtheropeninguptoboostreformanddevelopment.WeexpandedtheChina(Shanghai)PilotFreeTradeZoneandestablishedsimilarzonesinGuangdong,Tianjin,andFujian.Weworkedtokeepexportsstableandincreaseimports,andChina'sinternationalmarketshareinexportscontinuedtoincrease.ForeigndirectinvestmentactuallymadeinChinareached$119.6billion,makingthecountrytheworld'stopdestinationforforeigndirectinvestment.China'soutwardforeigndirectinvestmentreached$102.9billion,meaningthatoutwardinvestmenthascometodrawevenwithinwardinvestment.China'sfreetradezonearrangementswithIcelandandSwitzerlandwereofficiallylaunched,andChinacompletedsubstantivetalksonfreetradezoneswiththeRepublicofKoreaandAustralia.Majorprogresswasmadeincooperationwithothercountriesinfieldssuchasrailways,electricpower,oil,naturalgas,andcommunications.Chineseequipmentismakingsignificantstridesintotheinternationalmarket.