2019年全國政府工作報告全文雙語（下載）(四)

做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下三點。

Todeliveragoodperformanceintheworkofthegovernmentthisyear,weneedtoconcentrateonthefollowingthreeareas:

第一，穩定和完善宏觀經濟政策。

First,weneedtoensurecontinuityinandmakeimprovementstomacroeconomicpolicies.

繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，更加注重預調微調，更加注重定向調控，用好增量，盤活存量，重點支持薄弱環節。以微觀活力支撐宏觀穩定，以供給創新帶動需求擴大，以結構調整促進總量平衡，確保經濟運行在合理區間。

Wewillcontinuetoimplementproactivefiscalpolicyandprudentmonetarypolicy.Wewillpaygreaterattentiontoanticipatoryadjustments,fine-tuning,andtargetedregulation.Wewillputbothexistingandadditionalfinancialresourcestogooduse,focusingparticularlyonstrengtheningweakspots.Wewillimprovemicro-levelvitalitytounderpinmacroeconomicstability,explorenewwaysofachievingsupplytoboostdemand,andbalancetotalsupplyanddemandthroughstructuraladjustmentstoensuretheeconomyperformswithinanappropriaterange.

積極的財政政策要加力增效。今年擬安排財政赤字1.62萬億元，比去年增加2700億元，赤字率從去年的2.1%提高到2.3%。其中，中央財政赤字1.12萬億元，增加1700億元；地方財政赤字5000億元，增加1000億元。處理好債務管理與穩增長的關系，創新和完善地方政府舉債融資機制。適當發行專項債券。保障符合條件的在建項目后續融資，防范和化解風險隱患。優化財政支出結構，大力盤活存量資金，提高使用效率。繼續實行結構性減稅和普遍性降費，進一步減輕企業特別是小微企業負擔。

Ourproactivefiscalpolicymustsustainthemomentumofeconomicgrowthandincreaseeconomicreturns.Thegovernmentbudgetdeficitfor2015isprojectedtobe1.62trillionyuan,anincreaseof270billionyuanoverlastyear,whichmeansthatthedeficittoGDPratiowillrisefromlastyear's2.1%to2.3%.Ofthisamount,thecentralgovernmentdeficitwillaccountfor1.12trillionyuan,anincreaseof170billionyuan,andlocalgovernmentdeficitwillaccountfor500billionyuan,anincreaseof100billionyuan.Weneedtofindtherightbalancebetweenmanagingdebtandmaintainingsteadygrowth.Wewilldevelopandimprovemechanismsforlocalgovernmentstosecurefinancingthroughbondissuance.Wewillallowlocalgovernmentstoissueanappropriateamountofspecialbonds,ensurecontinuedfinancingforeligibleprojectsalreadyunderconstruction,andguardagainstanddefuserisksandlatentdangers.Wewillimprovethemixofbudgetaryspending,redoubleoureffortstoputgovernmentfundsonhandintouse,andstrengthentheeffectivenessofgovernmentspending.Wewillcontinuetomakestructuraltaxreductionsandcutfeesacrosstheboardsoastofurtherlightentheburdenonenterprises,particularlysmallandmicrobusinesses.

穩健的貨幣政策要松緊適度。廣義貨幣M2預期增長12%左右，在實際執行中，根據經濟發展需要，也可以略高些。加強和改善宏觀審慎管理，靈活運用公開市場操作、利率、存款準備金率、再貸款等貨幣政策工具，保持貨幣信貸和社會融資規模平穩增長。加快資金周轉，優化信貸結構，提高直接融資比重，降低社會融資成本，讓更多的金融活水流向實體經濟。

Wewillpursueprudentandbalancedmonetarypolicy.TheM2moneysupplyisforecastedtogrowbyaround12%in2015,buttheactualsupplymaybeslightlyhigherthanthisprojectiondependingontheneedsofeconomicdevelopment.Wewillworktostrengthenandimprovemacro-prudentialregulation,adoptaflexibleapproachinouruseofmonetarypolicytoolsincludingopenmarketoperations,interestrates,requiredreserveratios,andre-lending,andmaintainsteadygrowthinthesupplyofmoneyandcreditaswellasaggregatefinancingintheeconomy.Wewillspeeduptheturnoveroffunds,improvethecreditstructure,increasetheproportionofdirectfinancingtototalfinancing,andreducethecostoffinancing,therebyallowingmorefinancialresourcestobechanneledintotherealeconomy.

第二，保持穩增長與調結構的平衡。

Second,weneedtomaintainaproperbalancebetweenensuringsteadygrowthandmakingstructuraladjustments.

我國發展面臨“三期疊加”矛盾，資源環境約束加大，勞動力等要素成本上升，高投入、高消耗、偏重數量擴張的發展方式已經難以為繼，必須推動經濟在穩定增長中優化結構。既要穩住速度，確保經濟平穩運行，確保居民就業和收入持續增加，為調結構轉方式創造有利條件；

Initscurrentstageofdevelopment,Chinahastodealsimultaneouslywiththeslowdownineconomicgrowth,makingdifficultstructuraladjustments,andabsorbingtheeffectsofPviouseconomicstimuluspolicies.Asresource-relatedandenvironmentalconstraintsgrowandcostsforlaborandotherfactorsofproductionrise,amodelofdevelopmentthatdrawsonhighlevelsofinvestmentandenergyconsumptionandisheavilydrivenbyquantitativeexpansionbecomesdifficulttosustain.Wemustthereforeimprovetheeconomicstructurewhileensuringsteadygrowth.Thegrowthratemustbekeptsteadytoensurethateconomicperformanceisstable,andthatemploymentandpersonalincomescarryonincreasing,thuscreatingafavorableenvironmentformakingstructuraladjustmentsandtransformingthegrowthmodel.

又要調整結構，夯實穩增長的基礎。要增加研發投入，提高全要素生產率，加強質量、標準和品牌建設，促進服務業和戰略性新興產業比重提高、水平提升，優化經濟發展空間格局，加快培育新的增長點和增長極，實現在發展中升級、在升級中發展。

Atthesametime,structuraladjustmentsmustbemadetoconsolidatethefoundationforensuringsteadygrowth.Weneedtoincreaseresearchanddevelopmentspending,raisetotalfactorproductivity,improvequality,standards,andbrand-building,strengthentheservicesectorandstrategicemergingindustriesandincreasetheirshareoftheeconomy,improvetheoverallstructureofeconomicgrowth,andworkhardertofosternewareasofgrowthandgrowthpoles.Withtheseefforts,wecanensurethateconomicupgradinganddevelopmentreinforceeachother.

第三，培育和催生經濟社會發展新動力。

Third,weneedtonurtureandhastenthebirthofanewforcefordrivingeconomicandsocialdevelopment.

當前經濟增長的傳統動力減弱，必須加大結構性改革力度，加快實施創新驅動發展戰略，改造傳統引擎，打造新引擎。

Astheforcethathastraditionallydriveneconomicgrowthisweakening,itisimperativethatweintensifystructuralreform,boosteffortstoimplementthestrategyofpursuinginnovation-drivendevelopment,andupgradetraditionalengineswhilecreatingnewonesfordrivingdevelopment.

一方面，增加公共產品和服務供給，加大政府對教育、衛生等的投入，鼓勵社會參與，提高供給效率。這既能補短板、惠民生，也有利于擴需求、促發展。

Wewillincreasethesupplyofpublicgoodsandservices,increasegovernmentinputinareaslikeeducationandhealthcare,andencouragenongovernmentalparticipationtoimprovetheefficiencyofsupply.Thiswillbolsterweakspotsandbenefitthepeople,aswellasincreasedemandandpromotedevelopment.

另一方面，推動大眾創業、萬眾創新。這既可以擴大就業、增加居民收入，又有利于促進社會縱向流動和公平正義。

Atthesametime,wewillalsoencouragepeopletostarttheirownbusinessesandtomakeinnovations,whichwillnotonlycreatemorejobsandincreasepersonalincomes,butalsoimproveupwardssocialmobilityandsocialequityandjustice.

我國有13億人口、9億勞動力資源，人民勤勞而智慧，蘊藏著無窮的創造力，千千萬萬個市場細胞活躍起來，必將匯聚成發展的巨大動能，一定能夠頂住經濟下行壓力，讓中國經濟始終充滿勃勃生機。政府要勇于自我革命，給市場和社會留足空間，為公平競爭搭好舞臺。個人和企業要勇于創業創新，全社會要厚植創業創新文化，讓人們在創造財富的過程中，更好地實現精神追求和自身價值。

Chinahasapopulationof1.3billionandaworkforceof900million.Ourpeoplearehardworkingandtalented,andthereisnolimittotheiringenuity.Whenanabundanceofmarketcellsspringintolife,theywillformamightydrivingforcefordevelopment,ensuringChina'seconomyremainsresilientinspiteofthedownwardPssureonit,andcontinuestobefulloflifeanddynamism.Thegovernmentshouldbeboldinimposingareformonitselfsoastoleaveamplespaceforthemarketandsocietytoplaytheirrespectiverolesandleveltheplayingfieldforfaircompetition.Inpidualsandenterprisesmusthavethemettletopromotetheirbusinessdevelopmentandmakeinnovations,andoursocietyneedstonurtureacultureofentrePneurshipandinnovation.Inthisway,whilecreatingwealth,peoplewillbeabletomeettheirculturalandintellectualneedsandrealizetheirfullpotentialinlife.

今年是“十二五”收官之年，我們要在完成“十二五”經濟社會發展主要目標任務的同時，以改革的精神、創新的理念和科學的方法，做好“十三五”規劃綱要編制工作，謀劃好未來五年的發展藍圖。

Thisyearisthefinalyearforcompletingthe12thFive-YearPlan.Aswestrivetoaccomplishthemajortasksandobjectivesforeconomicandsocialdevelopmentsetforthinthisplan,weneedtoformulatethe13thFive-YearPlan,bringingtothisworkthespiritofreformandinnovationandadoptingascientificapproach.

三、把改革開放扎實推向縱深

改革開放是推動發展的制勝法寶。必須以經濟體制改革為重點全面深化改革，統籌兼顧，真抓實干，在牽動全局的改革上取得新突破，增強發展新動能。

Reformandopeningupiscrucialfordrivingdevelopment.WemustfocusoneconomicstructuralreformaswecomPhensivelydeepenreform,takingallthingsintoconsiderationinplanning,workingsolidlytodeliverconcreteoutcomes,makingnewbreakthroughsinareasthatcanboostdevelopmentasawhole,andstrengtheningnewmomentumtodrivedevelopment.

加大簡政放權、放管結合改革力度。

Wewilldomoretostreamlineadministrationanddelegatemorepowerstolower-levelgovernmentsandtosocietyingeneralwhileimprovingregulation.

今年再取消和下放一批行政審批事項，全部取消非行政許可審批，建立規范行政審批的管理制度。深化商事制度改革，進一步簡化注冊資本登記，逐步實現“三證合一”，清理規范中介服務。制定市場準入負面清單，公布省級政府權力清單、責任清單，切實做到法無授權不可為、法定職責必須為。

Thisyear,wewilldelegatethepowerorcanceltherequirementforgovernmentreviewformoreitems,cancelallnon-administrativereview,andestablishasystemforexercisingwell-regulatedmanagementoverthegovernmentreviewprocess.Wewilldeepenreformofthebusinesssystem;furthersimplifytheprocessforcapitalregistration;takegradualstepstointegratethebusinesslicense,thecertificateoforganizationcodes,andthecertificateoftaxationregistrationintoonecertificate;andoverhaulandregulateintermediaryservices.Wewilldrawupanegativelistformarketaccess,ensurethatprovincial-levelgovernmentsmaketheirlistsofpowersandresponsibilitiesopentothepublic,andmakesurethatanythingthelawdoesnotauthorizeisnotdone,whilealldutiesandfunctionsassignedbylawareperformed.

地方政府對應當放給市場和社會的權力，要徹底放、不截留，對上級下放的審批事項，要接得住、管得好。加強事中事后監管，健全為企業和社會服務一張網，推進社會信用體系建設，建立全國統一的社會信用代碼制度和信用信息共享交換平臺，依法保護企業和個人信息安全。

Localgovernmentsmustcompletelyletgoofpowersthatshouldbedelegatedtothemarketorsociety,andproperlyexercisethepowerofreviewoverallitemsthathavebeendelegatedtothembyhigher-levelgovernments.Wewillexercisestrongeroversightbothduringandafterthehandlingofmatters,andimprovethenetworkofservicesforbothenterprisesandthegeneralpublic.Wewillworktoimprovethecreditratingsystem,putinplaceanationalunifiedsystemofcodesforratingcredit,andestablishaplatformforsharingandexchanginginformationoncredit.Wewill,inaccordancewiththelaw,protecttheinformationsecurityofenterprisesandinpiduals.

大道至簡，有權不可任性。各級政府都要建立簡政放權、轉變職能的有力推進機制，給企業松綁，為創業提供便利，營造公平競爭環境。所有行政審批事項都要簡化程序，明確時限，用政府權力的“減法”，換取市場活力的“乘法”。

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpowersshouldnotbeheldwithoutgoodreason.Governmentsatalllevelsneedtoadopteffectivewaystostreamlineadministration,delegatepowers,andtransformtheirfunctions,creatinganenablingenvironmentforenterprises,makingiteasiertostartupinbusiness,andcreatingtherightenvironmentforfaircompetition.Proceduresandprocessesmustbesimplifiedandtimeframesmustbeclarifiedforallitemsrequiringadministrativereview,andcutstogovernmentpowerwillbemadetoboostmarketvitality.

多管齊下改革投融資體制。

Wewilltakemultiplemeasurestoreformtheinvestmentandfinancingsystems.

大幅縮減政府核準投資項目范圍，下放核準權限。大幅減少投資項目前置審批，實行項目核準網上并聯辦理。大幅放寬民間投資市場準入，鼓勵社會資本發起設立股權投資基金。政府采取投資補助、資本金注入、設立基金等辦法，引導社會資本投入重點項目。以用好鐵路發展基金為抓手，深化鐵路投融資改革。在基礎設施、公用事業等領域，積極推廣政府和社會資本合作模式。

Wewillsubstantiallyreducethenumberofinvestmentprojectsthatrequiregovernmentreview,delegatemorepowersofreviewtolower-levelgovernments,significantlystreamlinetheneedforPliminaryreviewforinvestmentprojects,andconductprojectreviewsonline.Wewillgreatlyrelaxmarketaccessforprivateinvestmentandencouragetheuseofprivatecapitaltosetupequityfunds.Thegovernmentwillguidenongovernmentalinvestmentstowardkeyprojectsbysubsidizinginvestments,injectingcapital,andestablishingfunds.Wewilldeepenreformofrailwayinvestmentandfinancingbymakinggooduseofrailwaydevelopmentfunds.Wewillactivelypromotemodelsofcooperationbetweengovernmentandnongovernmentalcapitalindevelopinginfrastructureandpublicutilities.

不失時機加快價格改革。

Wewilltaketimelyactiontoacceleratepricereform.

改革方向是發揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，大幅縮減政府定價種類和項目，具備競爭條件的商品和服務價格原則上都要放開。取消絕大部分藥品政府定價，下放一批基本公共服務收費定價權。

Thisreformisaimedatensuringthemarketplaysthedecisiveroleinallocatingresourcesandsignificantlyreducingthenumberofcategoriesanditemsofgoodsandservicesforwhichpricesaresetbythegovernment.Inprinciple,wewillliftpricingcontrolsoverallgoodsandservicesthatcanviablycompeteinmarkets.Thegovernmentwillstopsettingpricesformostpharmaceuticalsanddelegatetolower-levelgovernmentsthepowertosetpricesforcertainbasicpublicservices.

擴大輸配電價改革試點，推進農業水價改革，健全節能環保價格政策。完善資源性產品價格，全面實行居民階梯價格制度。同時必須加強價格監管，規范市場秩序，確保低收入群眾基本生活。

Wewillexpandthetrialsofpricingreformsforelectricitytransmissionanddistribution,carryoutpricingreformsforwaterusedinagriculture,andimprovepricingpoliciestomakethemmoreconducivetoenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotection.Wewillimprovethepricingofresourceproductsandfullyimplementasystemoftieredpricingforelectricity,water,andnaturalgasusedforhouseholdpurposes.Atthesametime,wemuststrengthenoversightoverpricing,improvemarketorder,andensurethebasiclivingstandardsofpeopleonlowincomes.